[Network] Static and Dynamic Routing

Routing

Routing is the mechanism that informs the network the procedures to get to different IP networks. Routing is done via devices, known as routers.

What's a Routing Table?

According to howtogeek.com, "A routing routing table dictates where all packets go when they leave a system - whether that system is a physical router or a PC."

Dynamic Route

Most routers (including the one in your PC) use some form of dynamic routing, which means the router has the capability to figure out the best place to forward packets based on information from other routers.

To see this in action, use the traceroute command to see the connections a packet makes as it reaches its destination.

Use Case

The use case of dynamic routing would be - imagine you have 100 routers, and you want to add 2 new different subnets. In this case, you will have to add 200 (2 x 100) static routing entries.

Pros of using Dynamic Route

  • Removes the likely of human error due to the repetitive nature of changing/configuring routes
  • Able to react to network failures (and prevent entire network communication failure)
  • Prevent routing loops (by mistake)

Routing Protocol

There is an automatic process running between all routers, called "Routing Protocol". It's used in dynamic routing to (according to grandmetric.com):
  • Exchange IP prefixes between routers.
  • Find optimal path to destination.
  • From anti-loop topology
  • Automate changes
  • Speed up the process of admin tasks
  • React to topology changes and failures and recalculate optimal path

Static Route

While it is optimal to have a router figure out the best place to forward your packets dynamically,  you might still want to forward certain traffic to a specific router or gateway. You can do this by adding a static route.

Why would anyone do this?

These are some use cases for static routes:
  • Little load on router CPU and produces no traffic to other routers.
  • Static routing leaves the network administrator with full control over the routing behaviour of the network.
 

Potential Problems

  • Human error - misconfigured


Source:

https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows/adding-a-tcpip-route-to-the-windows-routing-table/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_routing
https://www.grandmetric.com/2017/08/25/where-to-use-static-and-where-to-use-dynamic-routing/

Comments

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